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14 / 14 · Barahwein Imam

Imam Mahdi (A.T.F.S.)

Sahib-uz-Zaman · Imam-e-Zamana

Aap ka zahoor 255 Hijri mein Samarra mein hua. Shia Isna Ashari aqeede ke mutabiq aap Imam-e-Zamana hain jo 260 Hijri se hukm-e-Ilahi se ghaibat mein hain; momineen ghaibat ke baad aap ke zahoor ke muntazir hain jab aap zameen ko adl se bhar denge.

Yeh tarjuma AI ki madad se tayyar kiya gaya ibtidai masauda hai aur mustanad mutarjim o aalim ki nazar-e-saani ka muntazir hai.

Idarti haisiyat: mustanad ulama ki nazar-e-saani ka muntazir masauda. Tasheeh ke liye rabta safha istemal karein.

Imam Muhammad bin Hasan al-Mahdi (A.T.F.S.), jin ka zahoor 255 Hijri mein Samarra mein hua, Shia Isna Ashari aqeede ke mutabiq is zamane ke zinda Imam hain, jo mashiyyat-e-ilahi se ghaibat mein hain. Ghaibat-e-Sughra (260–329 Hijri) ke baad, jis mein chaar naib aap ki hidayat pohanchate rahe, Ghaibat-e-Kubra shuru hui; momineen ghaibat ke baad aap ke zahoor ke muntazir hain, jab aap zameen ko adl se bhar denge.

Samarra mein zahoor

Aap ka zahoor Shaban 255 Hijri ke wast mein Samarra mein Imam Hasan Askari aur Narjis ke ghar hua. Chunke Abbasi hukkam riwayaat mein pesh-goi kiye gaye farzand ki talaash mein nazar rakhe hue the, is liye aap ka zahoor poshida rakha gaya. Shaikh Saduq ne Imam Ali Naqi (al-Hadi) ki bahen Hakima ka bayan mehfooz kiya hai, jo zahoor ke waqt maujood theen.

Ghaibat-e-Sughra (260–329 Hijri)

260 Hijri mein apne walid ki wafat par aap Imam bane aur logon ki nazron se ojhal ho gaye. Taqreeban sattar saal tak jamaat chaar musalsal naibon (al-nuwwab al-arba'a) ke zariye aap tak pohanchti rahi, jo sawalaat le jate aur dastakhat shuda jawabat (tauqeeaat) wapas late:

Usman bin Saeed Amri; un ke farzand Muhammad bin Usman Amri (wafat 304 ya 305 Hijri); Husain bin Rooh Naubakhti (wafat 326 Hijri); aur Ali bin Muhammad Samri (wafat 329 Hijri). Samri ki wafat se kuch pehle ek aakhri khat mein elaan kiya gaya ke ab koi naib muqarrar nahi kiya jayega aur mukammal ghaibat shuru ho chuki hai.

Ghaibat-e-Kubra

329 Hijri (941 Eesvi) se koi muqarrar naib nahi hai. Ek khat mein, jise Shaikh Saduq aur Shaikh Toosi ne mehfooz kiya hai, Imam ne jamaat ko hidayat ki ke pesh aane wale waqiat mein Aimma ki talimaat ke raawiyon ki taraf rujoo kare. Isi buniyad par Shia Isna Ashari shariat ke masail mein rehnumai ke liye ahl fuqaha (mujtahideen) ki taraf rujoo karte hain — yahi marjaiyat ka idara hai. Shar'i ahkam se aage fuqaha ke ikhtiyar ki hadd ke bare mein ulama mein ikhtilaf hai.

Zahoor ka intezar

Shia Isna Ashari aqeeda yeh hai ke aap Allah ke hukm se zahir honge taake zameen par adl o insaf qaim karen. Bohat si riwayaat zahoor ki nishaniyan bayan karti hain, jin ki sehat ka darja mukhtalif hai; Aimma ne zahoor ka waqt muqarrar karne se khabardar kiya. Rasool-e-Akram ke khandan se Mahdi par aqeeda tamam Muslim makatib-e-fikr mein mushtarik hai — Abu Dawood aur Ibn-e-Maja jaise Sunni majmue ise darj karte hain — agarche aksar Sunni ulama ka khayal hai ke woh abhi duniya mein tashreef nahi laye.

Shia talimaat mein “intezar” ek fa'al amal hai: taqwa aur adl ke liye jidd-o-jehad, apne aap aur muashre ko tayyar karna, aur aap ke zahoor ke liye dua karna, jaise Dua-e-Ahd aur Dua-e-Faraj mein. Aap ka yaum-e-zahoor 15 Shaban ko manaya jata hai.

Shia Isna Ashari aqeede aur Fiqh-e-Jafariya mein ahmiyat

Aap barhwen Imam aur maujooda Imam-e-Zamana hain. Aap ki ghaibat ke dauran fuqaha ke ikhtiyar ko niyabat-e-aamma (al-niyaba al-'amma) samjha jata hai. Jo momin khud faqih nahi, woh fiqhi masail mein kisi ahl marja ki pairvi karta hai — yani taqleed — aur use zaati sawalaat ke liye us marja ke shaya shuda fatawa ya mujaz numaindon se rujoo karna chahiye.

Aham tareekhein

  1. 15 Shaban 255 Hijri (869 Eesvi)Samarra mein zahoor
  2. 8 Rabi-ul-Awwal 260 Hijri (874 Eesvi)Imamat aur Ghaibat-e-Sughra ka aaghaz
  3. 304 ya 305 HijriDusre naib, Muhammad bin Usman Amri ki wafat
  4. 326 HijriTeesre naib, Husain bin Rooh Naubakhti ki wafat
  5. 329 Hijri (941 Eesvi)Chauthe naib, Samri ki wafat; Ghaibat-e-Kubra ka aaghaz

Riwayaat o nusoos

Ishaq bin Yaqoob ke naam khat Ilmi nazar-e-saani ka muntazir

Jahan tak pesh aane wale waqiat ka taalluq hai, un mein hamari talimaat ke raawiyon ki taraf rujoo karo, kyunke woh tum par meri hujjat hain aur main un par Allah ki hujjat hoon.

Hawala jaat: Kamal al-Din wa Tamam al-Ni‘ma (Tauqeeaat ka baab); Kitab al-Ghayba

Rasool-e-Akram ke khandan se Mahdi Ilmi nazar-e-saani ka muntazir

Rasool-e-Akram ne farmaya ke Mahdi un ke khandan se, Fatima ki aulad mein se hain.

Hawala jaat: al-Sunan (Kitab al-Mahdi); al-Sunan (Kitab al-Fitan, zahoor-e-Mahdi ke baare mein)

Waqt muqarrar karne ke khilaf Ilmi nazar-e-saani ka muntazir

Aimma ne farmaya ke zahoor ka waqt muqarrar karne walon ne jhoot bola hai.

Hawala jaat: al-Kafi (Kitab al-Hujja, waqt muqarrar karne ki karahat ka baab)

Riwayaat ehtiyat se mafhoom ki soorat mein bayan ki gayi hain, lafzi tarjume ke taur par nahin. Dekhiye: Idarti Tareeqa-e-Kaar

Mukhtalif riwayaat

  • Saal-e-zahoor: 255 Hijri sab se zyada maqbool hai; 256 Hijri bhi riwayat hua hai.
  • Aap ki walida ka naam Narjis hai; dusri riwayaat mein un ka naam Sausan, Raihana ya Saqeel aaya hai.
  • Sunni ulama aam taur par ek aane wale Mahdi ki tasdeeq karte hain lekin unhein Imam Hasan Askari ke farzand ke taur par shanakht nahi karte.

Hawala jaat

  1. Kamal al-Din wa Tamam al-Ni‘ma — al-Saduq (mutawaffa 381 Hijri / 991 Esvi)
  2. Kitab al-Ghayba — al-Tusi (mutawaffa 460 Hijri / 1067 Esvi)
  3. Kitab al-Irshad fi Ma‘rifat Hujaj Allah ‘ala al-‘Ibad — al-Mufid, Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Nu‘man (mutawaffa 413 Hijri / 1022 Esvi). Barhwein Imam ka baab
  4. al-Kafi — al-Kulayni, Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub (mutawaffa 329 Hijri / 941 Esvi). Kitab al-Hujja, Bab Maulid-us-Sahib
  5. Islamic Messianism: The Idea of the Mahdi in Twelver Shi‘ism — Sachedina, Abdulaziz A.
  6. The Occultation of the Twelfth Imam: A Historical Background — Hussain, Jassim M.
  7. Crisis and Consolidation in the Formative Period of Shi‘ite Islam — Modarressi, Hossein