Idarti haisiyat: mustanad ulama ki nazar-e-saani ka muntazir masauda. Tasheeh ke liye rabta safha istemal karein.
Imam Hasan Askari (A.S.) ne taqreeban apni poori zindagi Samarra mein Abbasi nigrani mein guzari, jahan ke fauji chhaoni wale ilaqe al-Askar se aap ka laqab maakhooz hai. Taqreeban chhe saal ki Imamat mein aap ne zyada tar motamad wakeelon aur khutoot ke zariye jamaat ki rehnumai ki, aur use apne farzand, barhwen Imam, ki ghaibat ke liye tayyar kiya.
Zahoor aur jawani
Hasan bin Ali ka zahoor Rabi-us-Sani 232 Hijri mein hua, Shaikh Mufeed ke mutabiq Madina mein. Bachpan mein aap apne walid ke saath Samarra gaye, jahan aap ne unhi pabandiyon mein parwarish payi.
Teen khulafa ke daur mein Imamat
Aap 254 Hijri mein Imam bane aur Motaz, Muhtadi aur Motamid ke daur dekhe. Aap ko baqaidagi se darbar mein haaziri deni padti thi aur aap ko ek se zyada baar qaid kiya gaya. Shaikh Mufeed riwayat karte hain ke qaid mein aap par muqarrar do sakht-mizaj muhafiz aap ki ibadat ke asar se badal kar parhezgar ban gaye.
Aap dastakhat shuda khutoot aur Usman bin Saeed Amri jaise wakeelon ke zariye rabta rakhte the, jo baad mein barhwen Imam ke pehle naib bane.
Ghaibat ki tayyari
Yeh jaante hue ke hukkam ek bete ki talaash mein nazar rakhe hue hain, aap ne 255 Hijri mein apne farzand Muhammad ke zahoor ko poshida rakha aur unhein sirf motamad asaab ko dikhaya. Jab aap ne wafat payi to hukkam ne waaris ki talaash mein aap ke ghar ki talashi li. Shaikh Saduq riwayat karte hain ke jab Imam ke bhai Jafar namaz-e-janaza parhane wale the, to ek kam-sin ladka aage aaya aur khud namaz parhayi.
Shahadat
Aap ne 8 Rabi-ul-Awwal 260 Hijri ko taqreeban attaees saal ki umar mein Samarra mein wafat payi. Shia Isna Ashari maakhaz bayan karte hain ke aap ko zehar diya gaya. Aap ko apne walid ke pehlu mein dafn kiya gaya.
Shia Isna Ashari aqeede aur Fiqh-e-Jafariya mein ahmiyat
Aap gyarhwen Imam hain. Naibon aur khutoot par aap ka inhisar baad mein aane wali Ghaibat-e-Sughra ka namoona bana. Momin ki nishaniyon ke bare mein aap ki taleem, jo Shaikh Toosi ne mehfooz ki, Ziyarat-e-Arbaeen ke amal ka maakhaz hai. Quran ki ek tafseer aap se mansoob hai; ulama is nisbat ke sahih hone ke bare mein ikhtilaf rakhte hain.
Aham tareekhein
- 8 Rabi-us-Sani 232 Hijri (846 Eesvi)Zahoor
- taqreeban 233–234 HijriApne walid ke saath Samarra muntaqili
- 254 Hijri (868 Eesvi)Imamat ka aaghaz
- 15 Shaban 255 Hijri (869 Eesvi)Aap ke farzand, barhwen Imam, ka zahoor
- 8 Rabi-ul-Awwal 260 Hijri (874 Eesvi)Samarra mein shahadat
Riwayaat o nusoos
Momin ki nishaniyan paanch hain: din raat mein ikyawan rakat namaz parhna, chaleeswen din (Arbaeen) ki ziyarat, daayen haath mein angoothi pehnna, sajde mein peshani zameen par rakhna, aur “Bismillah-ir-Rahman-ir-Raheem” buland awaz se parhna.
Hawala jaat: Tahdhib al-Ahkam (Kitab al-Mazar, ziyarat-e-Husain ki fazeelat); Misbah al-Mutahajjid
Riwayaat ehtiyat se mafhoom ki soorat mein bayan ki gayi hain, lafzi tarjume ke taur par nahin. Dekhiye: Idarti Tareeqa-e-Kaar
Mukhtalif riwayaat
- Zahoor: 8 Rabi-us-Sani aam hai; 10 Rabi-us-Sani aur Ramazan 231 Hijri bhi riwayat hue hain; baaz maakhaz aap ka zahoor Samarra mein batate hain.
- Aap se mansoob Tafseer ke sahih hone par behes hai.
Hawala jaat
- Kitab al-Irshad fi Ma‘rifat Hujaj Allah ‘ala al-‘Ibad — al-Mufid, Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Nu‘man (mutawaffa 413 Hijri / 1022 Esvi). Hasan ibn Ali al-Askari ka baab
- al-Kafi — al-Kulayni, Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub (mutawaffa 329 Hijri / 941 Esvi)
- Kamal al-Din wa Tamam al-Ni‘ma — al-Saduq (mutawaffa 381 Hijri / 991 Esvi)
- Tahdhib al-Ahkam — al-Tusi, Muhammad ibn al-Hasan (mutawaffa 460 Hijri / 1067 Esvi)
- The Occultation of the Twelfth Imam: A Historical Background — Hussain, Jassim M.
- Crisis and Consolidation in the Formative Period of Shi‘ite Islam — Modarressi, Hossein