Idarti haisiyat: mustanad ulama ki nazar-e-saani ka muntazir masauda. Tasheeh ke liye rabta safha istemal karein.
Imam Muhammad Taqi (al-Jawad) (A.S.) 203 Hijri mein apne walid ki shahadat ke baad taqreeban aath saal ki umr mein Imam bane. Itni kam umri mein Aap ke ilm ne — jis ki sab se mashhoor misaal faqih Yahya bin Aksam ke saath ek awami mubahisa hai — Aap ke pairokaron ke liye is baat ki tasdeeq kar di ke Imam ka iqtidar umr par munhasir nahi. Aap taqreeban pachees saal ki umr mein Baghdad mein shaheed hue.
Zahoor
Muhammad bin Ali ka zahoor 195 Hijri mein Madina mein hua. Aap ki walida Sabika, jinhein Khaizuran bhi kaha jata tha, asal mein Nubiya se thin. Jamaat ne Aap ke zahoor par itminan ka saans liya, kyunke Aap ke walid ka bahut arse tak koi beta nahi tha.
Kam-sin Imam
Jab 203 Hijri mein Imam Ali Raza ne wafat payi to un ke farzand ki umr taqreeban aath saal thi. Jamaat mein kuch log Aap ki umr ki wajah se pareshan the; jin ulama ne Aap se sawalat kiye unhon ne Aap ke jawabat ko faisla-kun paya. Shia mutakallimeen Quran mein Nabi Yahya ke bayan ki taraf ishara karte hain jinhein bachpan mein hikmat ata ki gayi (19:12), aur Isa ke gehware se kalaam karne ki taraf (19:30).
Yahya bin Aksam ke saath mubahisa
Mamoon kam-umr Imam ko Baghdad laya aur qazi-ul-quzzat Yahya bin Aksam ke saath ek awami majlis ka ehtimam kiya. Jab Imam se ehram ki haalat mein ek zaair ke baare mein poocha gaya jo shikar ko maar de, to Imam ne un bahut si suraton mein farq wazeh kiya jinhein sawal ne khula chhor diya tha — haram ke andar ya bahar, jante hue ya la-ilmi mein, jaan boojh kar ya ghalti se, azad ya ghulam, bachcha ya baligh, pehli khata ya baar baar, parinda ya koi aur shikar, chhota ya bara, israr karne wala ya tauba karne wala, raat mein ya din mein, Hajj mein ya Umrah mein — aur phir har ek ka hukm bayan kiya. Mamoon ne apni beti Umm-ul-Fazl ka nikah Imam se kar diya.
Baad ki zindagi aur shahadat
Aap Madina wapas aa gaye aur zyadatar numaindon aur khat-o-kitabat ke zariye jamaat ki rehnumai karte rahe. 220 Hijri mein khalifa Motasim ne Aap ko Baghdad bulaya, jahan usi saal Zil-Qaad ke aakhir mein taqreeban pachees saal ki umr mein Aap ne wafat payi. Shia Isna Ashari maakhiz ke mutabiq Aap ko zehr diya gaya, aur woh Umm-ul-Fazl ka naam lete hain jis ne Motasim ke uksane par yeh kaam kiya. Aap ko Kazmain mein apne dada Imam Musa Kazim ke pehlu mein dafn kiya gaya.
Shia Isna Ashari aqeede aur Fiqh-e-Jafariya mein ahmiyat
Aap nawein Imam hain. Aap ki Imamat ne yeh usool tay kar diya ke Imam ki pehchan namzadgi aur Allah ke ata karda ilm se hoti hai, umr se nahi. Aap ki sakhawat ki wajah se Aap ko al-Jawad ka laqab mila, aur Aap ke daur mein numaindon aur tehreeri khat-o-kitabat ka network wasee hua — ek aisa tareeqa jis ne jamaat ko aakhirkar hone wali ghaibat ke liye tayyar kiya.
Aham tareekhein
- 10 Rajab 195 Hijri (811 Eesvi)Madina mein zahoor
- 203 Hijri (818 Eesvi)Taqreeban aath saal ki umr mein Imamat ka aaghaz
- taqreeban 204 HijriMamoon ke samne Yahya bin Aksam ke saath mubahisa
- 220 Hijri (835 Eesvi)Motasim ki taraf se Baghdad talabi
- Akhir-e-Zil-Qaad 220 Hijri (835 Eesvi)Baghdad mein shahadat; Kazmain mein tadfeen
Riwayaat o nusoos
Yahya bin Aksam ko Aap ka jawab, jis mein Aap ne har soorat ka hukm dene se pehle suraton mein farq wazeh kiya.
Hawala jaat: Kitab al-Irshad fi Ma‘rifat Hujaj Allah ‘ala al-‘Ibad (Muhammad ibn Ali al-Jawad ka baab); al-Ihtijaj ‘ala Ahl al-Lijaj; Tuhaf al-‘Uqul ‘an Al al-Rasul
Is majlis ka saal yaqeeni taur par muayyan nahi.
Riwayaat ehtiyat se mafhoom ki soorat mein bayan ki gayi hain, lafzi tarjume ke taur par nahin. Dekhiye: Idarti Tareeqa-e-Kaar
Mukhtalif riwayaat
- Zahoor: Shaikh Toosi ki darj karda ek dua ki bunyad par 10 Rajab ki yaad awami taur par manayi jati hai; Shaikh Mufeed Ramazan 195 Hijri bayan karte hain.
- Tareekh-e-shahadat: Akhir-e-Zil-Qaad 220 Hijri sab se aam hai; 6 Zil-Hajj ki riwayat bhi hai.
- Ghair-Shia maakhiz mein Aap ki wafat ke zimmedaron ki shanakht mukhtalif bayan ki gayi hai.
Hawala jaat
- Kitab al-Irshad fi Ma‘rifat Hujaj Allah ‘ala al-‘Ibad — al-Mufid, Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Nu‘man (mutawaffa 413 Hijri / 1022 Esvi). Imam Jawad ka baab
- al-Kafi — al-Kulayni, Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub (mutawaffa 329 Hijri / 941 Esvi)
- al-Ihtijaj ‘ala Ahl al-Lijaj — al-Tabrisi, Ahmad ibn Ali (chhati sadi Hijri / barahwein sadi Esvi)
- Misbah al-Mutahajjid — al-Tusi (mutawaffa 460 Hijri / 1067 Esvi). Rajab ki dua jo “Allahumma inni as’aluka bil-mauloodain fi Rajab” se shuru hoti hai
- An Introduction to Shi‘i Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shi‘ism — Momen, Moojan
- Kitab al-Irshad fi Ma‘rifat Hujaj Allah ‘ala al-‘Ibad — al-Mufid, Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Nu‘man (mutawaffa 413 Hijri / 1022 Esvi). Muhammad ibn Ali al-Jawad ka baab
- Tarikh-i Qum — al-Qummi, al-Hasan ibn Muhammad (chauthi sadi Hijri / daswein sadi Esvi)
- Kamal al-Din wa Tamam al-Ni‘ma — al-Saduq (mutawaffa 381 Hijri / 991 Esvi)