Idarti haisiyat: mustanad ulama ki nazar-e-saani ka muntazir masauda. Tasheeh ke liye rabta safha istemal karein.
Imam Ali Raza (A.S.) ko Abbasi khalifa Mamoon ne Madina se Khurasan bulaya aur 201 Hijri mein khilafat ka wali-ahd muqarrar kiya. Mukhtalif mazahib ke ulama ke saath munazaron mein apne ilm ke liye mashhoor, Aap 203 Hijri mein Toos mein shaheed hue; Mashhad mein Aap ka roza Muslim duniya ke sab se zyada ziyarat kiye jane wale maqamaat mein se hai.
Ibtidai zindagi aur Imamat
Ali bin Musa ka zahoor 148 Hijri mein Madina mein hua. Aap 183 Hijri mein qaid mein apne walid ki wafat par Imam bane aur Haroon ke daur-e-hukoomat ke aakhir tak aur Haroon ke beton Ameen aur Mamoon ke darmiyan khana-jangi ke dauran Madina se jamaat ki rehnumai karte rahe.
Khurasan ka safar
Apni fatah ke baad Mamoon ne taqreeban 200–201 Hijri mein Imam ko Khurasan ke shehar Marv bulaya. Nishapur mein ulama ke ek bade majme ke samne Imam ne apne aaba-o-ajdad ke silsile se woh riwayat bayan ki jo Silsilat-uz-Zahab (Sunehri Zanjeer) ke naam se mashhoor hai, jis mein Allah ki wahdaniyat ka iqrar Allah ka qila hai — aur saath yeh izafa kiya ke yeh is ki sharait ke saath hai, aur Aap khud un sharait mein se hain.
Khilafat ki wali-ahdi
Ramazan 201 Hijri mein Mamoon ne Aap ko wali-ahd muqarrar kiya. Riwayaat ke mutabiq Imam ne ehtijaj ke saath aur is shart par qubool kiya ke Aap taqarruriyon ya hukoomat mein hissa nahi lenge. Aise sikke dhaale gaye jin par Aap ka laqab tha, aur Mamoon ne hukm diya ke Abbasiyon ke siyah rang ki jagah sabz rang ikhtiyar kiya jaye. Is taqarruri par Baghdad ke Abbasiyon mein shadeed mukhalifat hui.
Marv mein Mamoon ne doosre mazahib ke mutakallimeen aur rehnumaon — Isai, Yahoodi, Zartushti aur Saabi, aur saath hi Musalman mutakallimeen — ko Aap se munazara karne ke liye jama kiya. In munazaron ki rudaad Shaikh Saduq ne mehfooz ki hai.
Shahadat
Jab Mamoon Baghdad ko dobara hasil karne ke liye maghrib ki taraf safar kar raha tha, to Imam ne Safar 203 Hijri mein Toos ke qareeb Sanabad mein wafat payi. Shia Isna Ashari maakhiz ke mutabiq Mamoon ne Aap ko zehr diya; kuch doosre moarrikheen Aap ki wafat ko beemari se mansoob karte hain. Aap ko usi imarat mein dafn kiya gaya jis mein Haroon Rasheed dafn tha, aur Aap ke roze ke gird Mashhad (“shahadat ki jagah”) ka shehar abaad hua.
Shia Isna Ashari aqeede aur Fiqh-e-Jafariya mein ahmiyat
Aap aathwein Imam hain aur maujooda Iran mein dafn hone wale wahid Imam hain. Silsilat-uz-Zahab ki riwayat Shia Isna Ashari ke is aqeede ko bayan karti hai ke Allah ki wahdaniyat ka iqrar us iqtidar ko pehchanne se juda nahi jise Allah ne muqarrar kiya. Aap ki behan Fatima, jinhein Masooma ke laqab se yaad kiya jata hai, Aap ke paas aate hue Qum mein wafat pa gayin; un ka roza Shia ilm ka markaz hai.
Aham tareekhein
- 11 Zil-Qaad 148 Hijri (766 Eesvi)Madina mein zahoor
- 183 Hijri (799 Eesvi)Imamat ka aaghaz
- 198 Hijri (813 Eesvi)Mamoon ka wahid khalifa banna
- taqreeban 200–201 HijriKhurasan ka safar; Nishapur mein Silsilat-uz-Zahab ki riwayat
- Ramazan 201 Hijri (817 Eesvi)Wali-ahd muqarrar hona
- Akhir-e-Safar 203 Hijri (818 Eesvi)Toos ke qareeb shahadat; Sanabad (Mashhad) mein tadfeen
Riwayaat o nusoos
Apne aaba-o-ajdad se Rasool-e-Akram tak aur un se Allah tak riwayat karte hue: “Allah ke siwa koi mabood nahi” ke alfaz Mera qila hain; jo Mere qile mein dakhil hua woh Mere azaab se mehfooz hai. Jab Aap ka oont aage barha to Aap ne izafa kiya: is ki sharait ke saath — aur main un sharait mein se hoon.
Hawala jaat: ‘Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (Nishapur mein aap ki riwayat ka baab); Kitab al-Tawhid (Muwahhideen ke sawab ka baab)
Jasleeq (Catholicos), Ras-ul-Jaloot (Exilarch), ek Zartushti peshwa, Imran Saabi aur Sulaiman Marwazi ke saath Aap ke mubahison ki rudaad.
Hawala jaat: ‘Uyun Akhbar al-Rida; Kitab al-Tawhid; al-Ihtijaj ‘ala Ahl al-Lijaj
Riwayaat ehtiyat se mafhoom ki soorat mein bayan ki gayi hain, lafzi tarjume ke taur par nahin. Dekhiye: Idarti Tareeqa-e-Kaar
Mukhtalif riwayaat
- Zahoor: 148 Hijri (Shaikh Mufeed) sab se aam hai; 153 Hijri ki riwayat bhi hai.
- Tareekh-e-shahadat: aam taur par Akhir-e-Safar 203 Hijri ki yaad manayi jati hai; 17 Safar aur 23 Zil-Qaad ki riwayaat bhi hain.
- Wajah-e-wafat: Shia Isna Ashari maakhiz ke mutabiq Mamoon ki taraf se zehr; kuch moarrikheen beemari darj karte hain.
- Baad ke baaz mahireen-e-nasab deegar aulad ka zikr karte hain; Shaikh Mufeed sirf Imam Taqi (A.S.) ka zikr karte hain.
Hawala jaat
- Kitab al-Irshad fi Ma‘rifat Hujaj Allah ‘ala al-‘Ibad — al-Mufid, Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Nu‘man (mutawaffa 413 Hijri / 1022 Esvi). Ali ibn Musa ar-Raza ka baab
- ‘Uyun Akhbar al-Rida — al-Saduq (mutawaffa 381 Hijri / 991 Esvi)
- al-Kafi — al-Kulayni, Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub (mutawaffa 329 Hijri / 941 Esvi)
- Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk — al-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir (mutawaffa 310 Hijri / 923 Esvi). saal 201 se 203 Hijri
- An Introduction to Shi‘i Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shi‘ism — Momen, Moojan
- Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk — al-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir (mutawaffa 310 Hijri / 923 Esvi). saal 202 Hijri